
The early days of video gaming saw the birth of so many iconic characters, console stars that endure to this day. Amongst that early litany there is, of course, Super Mario. Mario Mario to his friends. Who would’ve thought 100-odd squares would one day become one of the most recognisable characters on the face of the Earth? He’s changed over the years, sure, but never strayed too far from that classic, early design.
So, with Mario & Luigi: Brothership on the horizon, featuring a shiny new in-game model for the main man to boot, we're casting our eye back to chart the voyage of his visage. We’ve given the same treatment to his oldest rival and his fiercest competitor previously – so it seems only right that the portly plumber should receive the same service.
We’re focusing mostly on his main in-game appearance and promotional art that goes alongside each entry (much as we love his All-Stars tuxedo, his many, many other guises could fill up multiple articles), using these to define different eras of his design.
First stop, the '80s.
Arcade accolades (1981-1984)
Though he wasn’t the titular character, Mario was certainly the hero of his first outing – starring in the insanely popular and genre-creating platformer Donkey Kong in 1981.
Creatively named ‘Jumpman’ at the time, his design on the side of the machine and the promotional material is a little… off. Are his feet broken? And does that nose belong to Wario or Mario? At least his colours and overalls are present - albeit swapped around.
‘Arcade Mario’ is essentially a retcon of Popeye, so these oddities can be forgiven. The rubber hose influence is clear here (this wouldn’t feel out of place in Cuphead) and carries through to a couple of years later, when Mario's name finally graced the cabinet. A little softer, a little plumper, and decidedly more ‘Mario’ in essence – the cabinet artwork for Mario Bros. felt key in laying the groundwork for his appearance in the future.
But what about the game sprite itself? In both cases, remarkable – to be frank. For their time. As clear as day in terms of matching up with the art and expressive with their movement. His nose may be a little more nobbly than it is these days – if only they’d shorn one pixel off the end and he'd be a dead ringer for what we’ve come to expect now.
Pixel-y perfect in every way (1985-1992)
The advent of Nintendo home consoles brought new Mario games and with it – a new design for their mascot, starting with Super Mario Bros.
Tragically for players in the US and UK, in place of Yoichi Kotabe's gorgeous illustrations their box art featured a blown-up sprite, bafflingly in his white fire flower overalls. Accurate, sure. But not exactly endearing. (Box Art Brawl voters agree). Japan and continental Europe however saw the emergence of what we consider the ‘Classic Mario’ design. The inward shifting white-blue-black eye rings with built-in eyebrows, the soft round nose, the brown-hair-black-‘stash combo, and most importantly of all, the now renowned ‘M’ adorning his hat.
All the early design concepts of ‘Arcade Mario’ come together here, augmented with sublime touches that moves the character from the everyman protagonist to the instantly recognisable hero. There’s also a shift away from rubber hose art, grounding him in reality a little more (well, as realistic as fighting giant turtle dragons can be). We couldn’t tell you how many times we drew this face and loved it because it was easy to draw. Always a bonus for a mascot.
Though his promotional art stayed pretty consistent throughout the NES and Game Boy era – his sprite developed wildly in the space of only a few years. Super Mario Bros. felt like a bigger, bolder version of his arcade sprite. Softer nose, more detailed hair – but largely the same. Very square. But Super Mario Bros. 2? Now that’s a different story – in more ways than one.
It may be a reskin of a different game but the love and care that went into Mario’s sprite is astonishing. There is a notable shift in his body and head position. When stood still Mario’s body leans more into the game world instead of facing straight out, and his head is shifted just a little more toward the player – allowing us to see both of his eyes, which now feature white instead of being one block colour!
The difference is night and day, truly reflecting what we see in the artwork. Much rounder. And though Super Mario Bros. 3 undoes some of this fine work by removing the whites of his eyes, it added a brilliant 'waddle' animation that gave him more life than ever. SMB3's box art also has the distinction of solidifying the last design detail – a red shirt and blue overalls (well, black in the game). At last. Mario proper has finally arrived.
At this juncture, we were thinking about including the Super Mario Bros. Super Show, but we feel like it’s trying to be consistent with what existed at the time, even if it falls a little short. And the SNES era’s World and All-Stars largely carry on with ‘Classic Mario’ – with some lovely 16-bit shading adding some depth to the in-game sprite.
However, the SNES does provide us with two significant titles which throw up some wild innovations and variations.
Baby Park (1992-1995)
1992’s Super Mario Kart was a revelation, not only in terms of gameplay and birthing one of the biggest gaming franchises in existence (its successor is the best-selling Switch game by a Mario Circuit mile), but also how we saw Mario in-game.

Though Super Mario Kart's characters are sprite-based, the models have a pseudo-3D effect, allowing us to view Mario and indeed most of the Mushroom Kingdom inhabitants in full 360 degrees. Seeing him on the character select screen as if he were a solid, tangible, person-shaped person left us giddy at the time.
1995’s Super Mario World 2: Yoshi’s Island is gorgeous - and though Yoshi is the star, Mario is ever-present. We may have some beef with Nintendo’s baby versions of their mascots, but there’s no denying they’re incredibly cute – and ‘Baby Mario’ is instantly recognisable here due to his trademark hat. Really, only because of the hat. And his nose, perhaps.
The whole game has a more cartoony aesthetic than we’d seen previously and we bring it up as little elements from that – Mario’s block black eyes, for example, appear again later on down the line. But that aside, this is still very much a mainline iteration of Mario.
Aside #1: Playing with power
What’s that I hear? “We’ll jump to the N64 now, as Mario’s first 3D appearance was in the mid-'90s, right”? WRONG!

The old and crusty amongst us will remember the official Nintendo Power magazines and their absolutely bonkers clay models of Mario. These range from the nightmarish, trippy Super Mario Bros. 2 model with his just plain wrong black boots and buttons, to the sublime Super Mario Bros. 3 racoon Mario soaring through the sky – fully on-brand.
These left such an impression they even made a reappearance in the final issue in 2012. Take the time to have a gander at this early push into modelling Mario – it’s fascinating to see a 3D model reflective of his 2D design of the time.
The big jump, man (1996-2001)
Everything that could be said about this leap in gaming has already been said, and even then it really was a moment of awe firing up Mario 64 that cannot be fully explained to those who didn’t experience it. Mario’s big, round face zooming in to view, his eyes following a cursor that also let us stretch his squishy nose around. It was magic.
Nintendo leaned hard into the polygons, forgoing the previous hand-drawn art style of its promotional materials to show off their 3D model and, by extension, birthing ‘3D Mario’.
By its very nature, this made Mario’s official appearance less cartoon anime and more model-like. From this point, increased texture detail on his clothing or strands of hair would define each console generation.
Sunshine Superman (2002-2015)
The jump in power with the GameCube meant Mario's in-game model could now replicate his promo-appearance self much better, and this is the point where we start seeing only incremental changes to his design.
There were still impressive moments of course - seeing his lifelike jeans appear from the smooth model during the opening of Melee was a standout moment, but this basic template was the standard for a long time, through the Wii and Wii U eras, whether he was dressed up in a cat suit or construction overalls.
We did see the return of ‘Classic Mario’ in the icons and stamps for 3D World but these were very much a throwback. Even the return to sidescrolling games in the ‘New’ series used a 3D model in all its promotional material.
By this point his design is so iconic that it’s hard to make any sweeping changes – but to their credit, Nintendo did mix it up a little here and there.
Aside #2: Another dimension? (2000-2016)
Well, a return to a previous one would be a more exact title. Remember those block black eyes we mentioned from Yoshi’s Island? They made a return in 2000’s Paper Mario. A sketchy callback, you might think, but one we can’t help but fold in.
This was a departure from the gameplay we expected from a Mario game and the design is reflective of that change. It feels like a glorious mish-mash of his previous incarnations. Very plump, a bit rubber hose and with thick black borders highlighting his knuckles and outline – this is an exaggerated Mario and the most cartoony since his arcade days.
His in-game model stays close to the premise, eschewing fluid movement for deliberate takes on what a paper Mario might do – bobbing as he runs, having a static body as he spins that ends up flat when sideways, the detail that went into it is so satisfying. Consistent now across this series, ‘Paper Mario’ became his own unique character.
A mere three years later saw another new 2D design as part of the Mario & Luigi series. We wish we could talk about Luigi’s stripy socks here – but this article is long enough already.
Curiously, this design feels like a hybrid of ‘Classic Mario’ and ‘Paper Mario’. It keeps him more in line with his proportions and shape of the former while utilising things like the simplicity of the eyes and thick outlines of the latter, though it does them a little differently. The borders aren’t quite so harsh as ‘Paper Mario’ and the eyes are somewhere in the middle - white and black with no blue. The movements of his sprite, too, are unique to this version and somehow out-cartoon ‘Paper Mario’.
We may go so far as to suggest that ‘Mario & Luigi Mario’ is the most whimsical and expressive. Huge facial expressions and a wibbly wobbly body leaning into the cartoony nature of the design makes him truly his own, formidable design entry.
Modern Mario (2017-present)
Remember when Mario’s nipples broke the internet? That’s a weird sentence to write, but it’s even weirder that it’s basically a fact.
Since the Switch's arrival, we’ve seen all of the above designs in their latest stage (bar Arcade Mario - poor guy). The promo material for Odyssey used a lot of Classic Mario for a heady nostalgia hit in conjunction with the fancy 3D Mario we’ve become accustomed to. And said 3D model has developed so much that we were obsessing over a single grey hair.
Mario Wonder injected more Yoichi Kotabe-inspired, cartoon-style personality into his in-game iteration than ever before, but the basic design remains essentially the same. His appearance was given only the slightest of tweaks in Ubisoft's + Rabbids games and his various sporting appearances, too.
‘Paper Mario’ has his Switch entries and is the iteration that has stayed largely the same - no bad thing given how bang-on it was from the start. The biggest leap we’ve had on console is ‘Mario & Luigi Mario’. The trailers for Brothership have been utterly gorgeous. It’s a testament to this new interpretation of the design that there aren’t really any notable changes to point out – it feels perfectly realised from those early 2D days and we love the goofiness.

Aside #3: Blocks to blockbusters (2020-present)
Off-console, there’s been some big leaps, too. The last few years have marked a very significant change – Mario is no longer off-limits to folks outside Nintendo.
The most notable companies to get their hands on the keys to the Mushroom Kingdom, besides the aforementioned Ubisoft, are LEGO and Illumination. And credit to them, they made Mario their own.
‘LEGO Mario’ is a curious thing. Wildly out of proportion in so many areas — tiny feet, head literally the size of his body, tiny cap, weirdly flat hair, basically interchangeable ears and dungaree buttons, we could go on — but there is undoubtedly a charm to this chonky boy, gleefully pumping out coin sounds and catchphrases with his magically changing expression. If it didn’t have the clothes and hat, would you know it was Mario? Debatable. But does it feel very Mario at the same time? Yes, it does.
Illumination’s Mario, or ‘Movie Mario’ is a strange one, sort of sitting in the uncanny valley. He's not quite right. His tweaked proportions make him less heroic and more everyman - almost coming back full circle to the way he was more than 40 years ago on the side of that Mario Bros arcade machine.
We understand the change, but there’s always that nagging sensation that we’re not watching the Mario on the big screen. It’s almost like an actor playing him. Hmm. This has all gotten very meta.
Beyond the Rainbow Road
This round-up of Mario’s many faces isn't exhaustive, but rather a selection of designs that we think have been pivotal to his development.
Delving in has left us pondering what the future might bring – a ‘3D Mario’ so detailed we’ll be endlessly discussing a slightly discoloured cuticle or what pizza topping has crumbled into his moustache? A fully realised 3D ‘Classic Mario’ in a full all-stars style remake of Super Mario All-Stars called Super Mario All-Stars All-Stars? (We actually quite like that idea now we've written it). Seeing how beautiful the new iteration of ‘Mario & Luigi Mario’ (are you lost yet) has turned out, we wouldn’t put it past them.

Or maybe, just maybe, there'll be a brand new iteration of our dungaree-d friend with teeny weeny details that are just big enough to make him stand out from the pack and form a new ‘face of Mario’ altogether.
What would you like to see? Which is your favourite? Let us know down below!
Comments 60
The Super Mario Bros. Super Show Mario was very fun, likable, full of personality and full of Italian food references. (:
Fun article. I've definitely enjoyed how the classic 2D Marios have evolved, ending with all the fun sprite animations in Wonder.
I like all of them. They all have their unique quirks when it comes to interpreting Mario. I definitely like the M&L look most - Masanori Sato's style is one of my favorites - but I wouldn't say I have a favorite.
@FishyS thanks! ‘Classic Mario’ is always what I think of and probably squeaks it as my favourite. The expressiveness in wonder is fantastic, though.
@N00BiSH it’s very much its own take - which I think is impressive when taking on a character with such an established, iconic design. Brothership looks gorgeous. Do you prefer it in 2D or 3D?
My favorite render of Mario besides the SMB3 promotional art, is the Tokyo Olympics CG promotional
@Banks the Brothership model isn't bad at all, but I have some issues with the translation to 3D that makes me prefer the look in 2D.
@NinChocolate that’s a good shout. I think I’d categorise that in the ‘3D Mario with awesome denim detail’ section?
@N00BiSH oh that’s interesting. I thought they did a cracking job, but if it’s your favourite design I imagine your eye will be a little sharper critically. What are the issues for you?
Are we pretending the Bob Hopkins Mario doesn't exist? Cool if we are. I just want to be on the same page here.
@Banks My main issue lies with how, even though they've gotten the basic look down, it's missing a lot of those illustrative qualities I appreciated. The outline is a good start but I would've liked to see some more painterly elements when it comes to how the models are textured. Additionally the shading is big point for me. Masanori Sato's style relied on darker values for general shading but also applied some splashes of grey in a few areas, which made gave the art a sort of ambient lighting I really liked.
The Brothership model instead leans more into the shading style of Paper Jam's promo art(which Sato wasn't involved in), which used more vibrant colors for its shading and that'd be fine, but I don't feel they did the best job in making sure those colors blended well with one another in 3D. It's a bit sloppy for my liking.


I don't wanna do Acquire's art team dirty - again, I do like how they put in the effort to recreate the basic look in 3D, which shows that they recognize the importance of the style for Mario & Luigi specifically - but as is, I think there's room for improvement. It's good, but it could be better.
Anyways, that was long. Sorry about that.
The best for me is between Wonder's model and Brothership's model, with 64's model as a close third. Really, though, they're all awesome.
It's hard to choose! Any Mario is a good Mario. I suppose the best choice for me would be Classic Mario. It's the era of Mario that I grew up with.
I like most of them, save for Baby Mario (I hate the 'baby' counterparts! lol), so its hard for me to choose but I guess I go with M&L Mario.
Bob Hoskins Mario all the way. Kidding!
My personal favorite is N64 Smash Bros. Mario-- he's definitely boxier than the Mario 64 version, but the proportions of his hands, feet, and even nose make a statement. He's fit to wallop the other characters (and very slickly animated), but with his schnoz emphasized, he's still distinctly Mario.
However, I believe y'all missed the first 3D Mario rendered in a game-- pre-rendered, but a 3D model nonetheless. How could we forget the squat, toylike appearance Square provided him in Super Mario RPG?
SMB3 Mario for me, with honorable mention to his detailed look in the most recent Smash games.
Charles Martinet is the best Mario design
I have always loved the artwork of Mario 3/ mario world box and instructions and still cling to the hope that a 2D game will come that is hand drawn in that art style
Mario’s turning 40 next year, so who knows what they’ll do
I prefer the Brothership version.
@N00BiSH I actually like the more saturated colors, as it reminds me of Kirbys Return to Dreamland Deluxe, my favorite game aesthetically (yes, I did like the outlines). Just my two cents, though.
@batmanbud2 I think the shading is actually better implemented in that game than here, honestly.
@N00BiSH I can see that. Again, though, just my two cents.
@N00BiSH
You complained too much about 1st party Nintendo games for the trivial things.
All the Mario & Luigi game characters look good for me despite they have different art style.
Mario Wonder Mario is my favorite!
@Anti-Matter If I sound nitpicky then sorry, but detail orientation is kind of important to good art direction.
Super Mario 3D Worlds mario is the best for sure
Mario wonder is a close second
Drew this one last year around the time Nintendo announced Charles' retirement. Lots-a-uh-Maadyo!

My personal favorite has always been the Mario and Luigi style, particularly Dream Team. Brothership looks beautiful in game but I think the renders seem a little off.
Illumination Mario doesn’t get enough love. I love how they retained the look of Mario but gave him more of a grounded softer look.
@Purgatorium hey - love a bit of Hoskins. Will always have an odd affection for that film.
@N00BiSH not at all! I always love to get an in depth opinion - and this is one that’s clearly well observed and thought out! Funny how small details like that can make such a big difference. It makes me wonder how far they’ll push the animation in game. If his body will be basically jelly, like previous iterations.
@batmanbud2 it’s hard to go wrong - so many elements are just fantastic.
@Servbot_EJ same. It’s the one I think of when I think of Mario
@Coolmusic have you read the link to the Mario kart article? Honestly - the babies are evil.
@MikeP interestingly both were referenced in my first draft! I think smash 64 refines the model and is also a little more angular and aggressive. And Super Mario RPG is a great shout too, but I felt it was doing largely the same thing as Super Mario Kart. Turning classic mario into a pseudo-3D sprite. The article is lengthy and I wanted to make it a little more compact, so just referenced the first instance in both cases. Thanks for taking the time to read the article.
@Dualmask Mario 3 is absolute top tier. It’s hard to imagine how they’ll push the 3D model any further at this point.
@DennyCrane yes!! That would be incredible. I’d even take an all stars 2 in that style, tbh. I’d say ‘NSMB’ all-stars but think I’d catch too much heat for it 😅
@MrCarlos46 I mean, technically he hit that milestone in 2021 - but yes, in his current guise next year is the big 4-0. What do you think they’ll do for it?
@batmanbud2 hadn’t put that together before - there definitely something to that.
@Kingy this is absolutely insane and I love it. Top marks for the weird, green, Mario Land sprite!
@Banks Haha agreed! Oh and bonus marks for... that is the ship from Alleyway, right?!
@coolioam don’t get me wrong - illumination did a fantastic job. And funnily enough I think we are saying the same thing, it’s just the result has resonated differently with each of us. Which is to be expected when tinkering with such an iconic character.
@nocdaes I thought it was battlefield from smash? Unless I’m missing the ship? Every time I look at it I spot something new!
Nice to have this kind of feature here. Love to read something a bit less serious but with so much passion in it!
Feels like preparations have already started for the 40th anniversary. Funny how the 35th almost feels like it was yesterday. Hope they will bring back Super Mario 35 ... and a brand new game and some surprises too.
@Banks : Yeah, I read it. It was a good read.😂
@Banks Oh I think you're right actually!
I'm very happy with where Mario is right now. All of the last iterations are the best for me.
Odyssey Mario is the best design as far as I'm concerned.
The classic art they've been bringing back for icons and art are perfect evolutions of the classic style.
Paper Mario and M&L have never looked that good in their respective style.
The Mario movie has an excellent version of the character that makes him usable as a movie character.
And I love, love what they've done with Wonder.
In short he's never looked better. They've been absolutely nailing the art for the last couple years and it looks better than it ever has.
Now if I had to choose one above all others, it would be Odyssey. Perfect blend of old school and new texture work, perfect proportions, perfectly cartoony and just expressive enough with the right tone without overdoing it, it's just perfect and I hope the future will bring even more of that Mario with better looking hair and textile. And 4k nipples.
@Banks Thanks for the kind words. I definitely have a lot of strong thoughts on Brothership's art direction(including the animation); thoughts that might make me come off as a pretentious idiot - which might not be too far off from the truth - but I can't unchange how I feel about stuff like this. If I can articulate why I feel like that and get at least one person to understand, that's more than enough for me.
Overall great article even though I already knew about everything mentioned in it as a big Mario fan who luckily got to experience most of Mario's evolution throughout my life - if I have to choose (I practically love them all for different reasons), I'd say my favorite version of Mario is the Mario & Luigi one!
@Banks NSMB are good games, just not good Mario games, but the art style would def bump them up a notch. The platforming in them is a lot of fun tbh.
But a new game hand drawn would be my dream
@Banks Love to hear it, man, thanks!
@Yalloo oh man, that was nearly five years ago?! That’s INSANE. They must be cooking something special. Galaxy 3? 😂
@Coolmusic thanks! It was a great time!
@mlt 4k nipples floored me. Well played.
@N00BiSH passion is passion! Nothing wrong with it.
@JohnnyMind seems to be a popular choice - or at least one that folks who enjoy it are very vocal about. It’s a cracking design. I love that it’s very much its own thing.
@DennyCrane I’ve been thinking of revisiting them. Might just be the time to do it.
@Banks Mama mia ... if only!! The Galaxy games are my favourite 3D Mario ... why, did you hear something?! Don't toy with that XD
Really sweet of you to participate in the comments, the community here on NL is passionate, it's so nice 😍
Tragically I don’t have an uncle that works at Nintendo. If I hear anything I’ll let you know.
I’m always just so pleased that people read my stuff - if they take the time to comment I always do my best.
@Banks Enjoy!! Don't forget, if playing NSMBU on switch you can have the twirl mapped back to triggers instead of the annoying A/B they put it on in this version by holding down left stick for 3 seconds at title screen and whilst still holding it, press L/R to start as you normally would. Only Nintendo would ruin controls then give you a weird work around to play how they originally were.
As for the games, DS and NSMBU are my two top picks. NSMBW can feel a little empty at points, I guess due to multiplayer and NSMB2 is just a little to uninspired, but all of them are still fun as I said before, just feels like Nintendo put minimum effort in thats all
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